Successful Management of Dystocia Due to Incomplete Cervical Dilatation with Secondary Uterine Inertia in a Berkshire Sow: A Case Report

Abstract

Dystocia in sows is an important reproductive problem that can adversely affect piglet survival and sow health. The present case describes dystocia associated with incomplete cervical dilatation (ICD) followed by secondary uterine inertia in a 4-year-old pluriparous Berkshire sow at full-term gestation. The sow was presented with prolonged straining, anorexia, dullness, and depression. Per-vaginal examination revealed incomplete cervical dilatation, while ultrasonography indicated both live and dead fetuses. Radiography confirmed the presence of 14 fetuses. The condition was managed initially with cloprostenol sodium, valethamate bromide, calcium-magnesium borogluconate, dextrose, antibiotics, and supportive therapy. Complete cervical dilatation was achieved; however, the sow subsequently developed uterine inertia and failed to expel the fetuses despite oxytocin administration. Manual per-vaginal extraction was therefore performed. A total of 14 piglets were delivered, including nine live and five dead fetuses. The sow recovered uneventfully with supportive postoperative therapy. The case highlights the importance of timely diagnosis and appropriate management of ICD and secondary uterine inertia in sows.