Comparative Evaluation of Whiteside Test, Endometrial Cytology and Uterine Lavage Optical Density for Diagnosis of Endometritis in Postpartum Crossbred Cows
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/ijvsbt.22.5.06Keywords:
Endometritis, Cytology, ULSOD, Whiteside test, Postpartum cowsAbstract
The present study was conducted to evaluate Whiteside test (WST), endometrial cytology and uterine lavage sample optical density (ULSOD) for diagnosis of endometritis in postpartum crossbred cows. A total of 34 cows between 30-45 days in milk were screened under field conditions. Endometrial cytology samples collected using cytobrush technique were examined for polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) cells, and samples with ≥10% PMNs were considered positive. Whiteside test was performed using cervico-vaginal mucus and 5% sodium hydroxide solution, while uterine lavage samples were analysed spectrophotometrically at 620 nm. Optical density (OD) values ≥0.052 were considered positive for uterine inflammation. The incidence of endometritis recorded by cytology, WST and ULSOD was 73.53, 73.53 and 58.82%, respectively. Based on WST, 23.53, 35.29 and 14.71% cows showed mild, moderate and strong positive reactions, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, diagnostic accuracy and kappa value for ULSOD were 72, 77, 90, 50, 73.52% and 0.46, respectively, while corresponding values for WST were 92, 77.8, 92, 77.8, 88.23% and 0.72. The findings indicated that endometrial cytology remains a reliable diagnostic method, while WST serves as a rapid and economical field screening test and ULSOD provides an objective quantitative assessment of uterine inflammation.
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