Management of Postpartum Uterine Eversion and Vaginal Laceration in a Cow

Abstract

Parturition is thought to be a clean-contaminated process. However numerous issues and complications can arise  in livestock during and after parturition. Reproductive  failure is undoubtedly influenced, either fully or partially,  by reproductive tract issues /complications occurred during  and after parturition. Haemorrhage, vulval haematoma,  wounds, ruptured reproductive organs (uterus, vagina),  perineal injuries and distal displacement of pelvic organs  (uterus, vagina, and bladder) make some of the reproductive  tract issues that occur during the postpartum phase  (Purohit, 2012). Among all the issues, postpartum uterine  prolapse is a frequently encountered reproductive disorder  in ruminants and generally occurs during the third stage of  labor (Roberts, 1971; Jackson, 2004). A number of maternal  and management-related factors are believed to contribute  to the occurrence of uterine prolapse in cattle. Metabolic  disturbances such as hypocalcaemia, prolonged dystocia,  retained fetal membranes, chronic illness, and paresis  have been recognized as important risk factors (Risco et  al., 1984). Postpartum uterine eversion accompanied by a necrosed and lacerated vagina represents an extreme,  multi-factorial obstetrical emergency in cattle. Delayed  intervention and improper handling or treatment usually  results in a poor prognosis of the case due to an increased  risk of haemorrhage, shock, and death (Andrews et al., 2008).  This case emphasizes, that prompt correction of prolapse and  proper post-treatment care are critical for successful recovery  and preservation of future reproductive potential.