Skip to content
Home▶ Journals▶ Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Biotechnology▶Archive▶Vol. 21 No. 3 (2025)▶Epidemiology and Antibiogram Profiles of Respiratory Tract…
Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Biotechnology
Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Biotechnology ›
Print ISSN 2394-0247 · Online ISSN 2395-1176
Submit your paper About the journal
Research Article

Epidemiology and Antibiogram Profiles of Respiratory Tract  Infections in Goats

, , , , ,
Shruti D Bhoya — Department of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary College, Kamdhenu University, Navsari, Gujarat-396450, India
Sudhir A Mehta — Department of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary College, Kamdhenu University, Navsari, Gujarat-396450, India
Pushpa Makwana — Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Veterinary College, Kamdhenu University, Navsari, Gujarat-396450, India
Manish D Patel — Department of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary College, Kamdhenu University, Navsari, Gujarat-396450, India
Jignesh B Vala — Veterinary Clinical Complex, Veterinary College, Kamdhenu University, Navsari, Gujarat-396450, India
Mayank A Patel — Department of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary College, Kamdhenu University, Navsari, Gujarat-396450, India
Published 10 May 2025 Vol. 21 No. 3 (2025), pp. 91-94 ● Open access
❝ How to cite 🔗 https://doi.org/10.48165/ijvsbt.21.3.18
Download PDF

Abstract

 

Respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are the most common disease manifestations among goat population. In present study, the overall  incidence of RTIs in goats of south Gujarat recorded was 27.75 % (126/454). The highest incidence of RTIs was recorded in goats aged  below 6 months and in male goats. Non-descript and Surti breed of goats were clinically more susceptible to disease than other breeds.  Seasonal peaks were observed in February and June. Clinically, infected goats exhibited elevated rectal temperature, heart rate, pulse  rate, respiratory rate and capillary refill time, along with significant low saturation of peripheral oxygen (SpO2). Bacteriological analysis  identified Staphylococcus spp. as the most common pathogen, followed by Streptococcus spp., mixed infections (Staphylococcus Streptococcus spp.), Pseudomonas spp., Escherichia coli and Micrococcus spp. Antibiotic sensitivity testing revealed that Staphylococcus  spp. was highly sensitive to amikacin, streptomycin and penicillin. Streptococcus spp. responded well to streptomycin, ceftriaxone tazobactam and penicillin, while mixed infections were sensitive to amoxiclav, moxifloxacin and ceftriaxone-tazobactam. Pseudomonas  spp. was sensitive to amikacin and ceftriaxone-tazobactam, Escherichia coli to enrofloxacin, penicillin and moxifloxacin and Micrococcus  spp. to oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin and ceftriaxone-tazobactam. These findings provide essential insights for effective diagnosis and  targeted treatment of RTIs in goats.  

KeywordsAntibiogramEpidemiologyGoatRespiratory tract infections

The full text of this article is available as a PDF.

Download PDF
  1. Chakraborty, S., Kumar, A., Tiwari, R., Rahal, A., Malik, Y., Dhama, K., ... & Prasad, M. (2014). Advances in diagnosis of respiratory diseases of small ruminants. Veterinary Medicine International, 2014(1), 508304.
  2. Chakraborty, R.K., & Burns, B. (2023). Systemic Inflammatory Response SyndromeIn: StatPearls [Internet]. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025 Jan. Available from: https:// www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547669/
  3. Chukwudi, I. C., Ogbu, K. I., Ugochukwu, I. C., Daodu, O. B., Duile, P. E., & Momoh-Abdulateef, H. (2024). Cross-sectional survey on bacterial co-infections in Peste des Petits Ruminants virus infected small ruminants in Enugu State, Nigeria. Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society, 75(2), 7619-7626.
  4. Dar, L. M., Darzi, M. M., Mir, M. S., Kamil, S. A., Rashid, A., & Abdullah, S. (2013). Prevalence of lung affections in sheep in northern temperate regions of India: A postmortem study. Small Ruminant Research, 110(1), 57-61.
  5. Dohare, A. K., Singh, B., Bangar, Y., Prasad, S., Kumar, D., & Shakya, G. (2013). Influence of age, sex and season on morbidity and mortality pattern in goats under village conditions of Madhya Pradesh. Veterinary World, 6(6), 329-331.
  6. Hota, P., Acharya, A.P., Mishra, C., Kerry, R.G., Sahoo, B., & Panda, S.K. (2024). Investigating respiratory health challenges in Ganjam goats: An in-depth study in Odisha, India. Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy, p. 1-16.
  7. Kama, D.K., Achaya, A.P., Das, B.C., Nayak, G., & Dibyadarshini, M.R. (2022). Incidence and risk factors for respiratory diseases in Ganjam goats of Odisha. The Indian Journal of Small Ruminants, 28(1), 120-125.
  8. Karande, V.V., Jagtap, R., Kalita, D.J., & Ghumare, B.C. (2021). Determination of strepto-penicillins residues in cow milk after its intramuscular administration. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies,9(2), 151-156.
  9. Khalifa, H.O., Oreiby, A., Abd El-Hafeez, A.A., Abd El Latif, A., Okanda, T., Kato, Y., & Matsumoto, T. (2021). High β-lactam and quinolone resistance of Enterobacteriaceae from the respiratory tract of sheep and goat with respiratory disease. Animals, 11(8), 2258.
  10. Klevens, R.M., Morrison, M.A., Nadle, J., Petit, S., Gershman, K., & Ray, S. (2007). Invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in the United States. Jama, 298(15), 1763-1771.
  11. Lacasta, D., Ferrer, L.M., Ramos, J.J., González, J.M., & De las Heras, M. (2008). Influence of climatic factors on the development of pneumonia in lambs. Small Ruminant Research, 80(1-3), 28-32.
  12. Mandal, R.S.K., Gupta, V.K., Joshi, V., Kumar, S., Bhanuprakash, A.G., Sharma, D.K., ... & Mondal, D.B. (2019). Therapeutic efficacy of aerosolized moxifloxacin in respiratory tract infection in goats. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, 8(3), 125-129.
  13. Momin, M.A., Islam, M.A., Khatun, M.M., & Rahman, M.M. (2014). The epidemiology of bacterial pneumonia in Black Bengal goats in Bangladesh. Bangladesh Veterinarian, 31(2), 70-73.
  14. Murphy, C.P., Carson, C., Smith, B.A., Chapman, B., Marrotte, J., McCann, M., ...& Parmley, E. J. (2018). Factors potentially linked with the occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in selected bacteria from cattle, chickens and pigs: A scoping review of publications for use in modelling of antimicrobial resistance. Zoonoses and Public Health, 65(8), 957-971.
  15. Nair, A.S., Devi, S., Singh, R.D., Patel, N.R., & Patel, R.M. (2023). Comparing clinical ef f icac y of marbof loxacin and cefquinomesulphate in caprine pneumonia. The Indian Journal of Small Ruminants, 29(2), 273-278.
  16. Poonia, J.S., & Malik, B.S. (2012). Disease pattern in mortality of Beetal goats. The Indian Journal of Small Ruminants, 18(1), 152-153. Rashid, M.M., Ferdoush, M.J., Dipti, M., Roy, P., Rahman, M.M., Hossain, M.I., & Hossain, M.M. (2013). Bacteriological and pathological investigation of goat lungs in Mymensingh and determination of antibiotic sensitivity. Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 11(2), 159-166.
  17. Sahay, S., Natesan, K., Prajapati, A., Kalleshmurthy, T., Shome, B. R., Rahman, H., &Shome, R. (2020). Prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida isolated from ovine respiratory infection: A study from Karnataka, Southern India. Veterinary World, 13(9), 1947.
  18. Scott, P.R. (2011). Treatment and control of respiratory disease in sheep. Veterinary Clinics: Food Animal Practice, 27(1), 175-186. Shukla, S.D., Vanka, K.S., Chevalier, A., Chong, W.C., Pabreja, K., Shastri, M.D., & O’Toole, R.F. (2020). Infection-induced oxidative stress in chronic respiratory diseases. Chapter in Book: Role of Oxidative Stress in Pathophysiology of Diseases,p.125-147. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-1568-2_8
  19. Singh, R., Singh, S., Singh, R., Dhama, K., Singh, K.P., Singh, S., & Singh, V. (2020). Epidemiological study of Mannheimia haemolytica infection in the sheep and goats population, India. Biological Rhythm Research, 51(6), 869-878.
  20. Yener, Z., Ilhan, F., Ilhan, Z., & Saglam, Y.S. (2009). Immuno histochemical detection of Mannheimia (Pasteurella) hemolytica antigens in goats with natural pneumonia. Veterinary Research Communications, 33, 305-313.

Looking up citing articles…

    Creative Commons License

    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

    Copyright © 2025 Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Biotechnology