Cryoprotective Effects of Fulvic Acid on Buffalo Bull Spermatozoa: A Concentration-Dependent Response
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/ijvsbt.2026.22.06.28Keywords:
Anti-oxidant, Buffalo bull, Cryopreservation, Fulvic acid, TFYG ExtenderAbstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of fulvic acid supplementation in Tris-fructose-yolk-glycerol (TFYG) extender on sperm quality attributes of buffalo bulls at successive stages of cryopreservation. Semen ejaculates (n=12) collected from healthy breeding bulls using an artificial vagina were split into four aliquots and extended with TFYG containing 0.00 (control), 0.50, 1.00 and 1.50 % (w/v) fulvic acid. The samples were processed, equilibrated and cryopreserved. Progressive sperm motility was evaluated at the post-dilution, pre-freeze and post-thaw stages, while viability, morphological abnormalities, plasma membrane integrity and acrosome integrity were assessed at the post-dilution and post-thaw stages. The response to fulvic acid was distinctly biphasic. Post-thaw sperm motility and plasma membrane integrity were significantly (p
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