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Home▶ Journals▶ Indian Journal of Extension Education▶Archive▶Vol. 62 No. 4 (2026)▶Decoding the Barriers to Adoption of Dairy Interventions…
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Research Article

Decoding the Barriers to Adoption of Dairy Interventions among Farmers: A Principal Component Analysis from Uttar Pradesh, India

, , , , ,
Ashutosh Suryavanshi — Research Scholar
B K Gupta — Assistant Professor
Gaurav Mishra — Research Scholar
A P Verma — Assistant Professor
B P Mishra — Professor & Head, Department of Agricultural Extension,
Gaurav Shukla — Department of Statistics and Computer Science, Banda University of Agriculture and Technology, Banda-210001, Uttar Pradesh, India
Published 24 Sep 2026 Vol. 62 No. 4 (2026), pp. 174-179 ● Open access
❝ How to cite 🔗 https://doi.org/10.48165/IJEE.2026.62425
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Abstract

The study was conducted during 2025-26 in Banda and Bulandshahr districts of Uttar Pradesh to identify and classify perceived constraints to dairy intervention adoption among farmers. Data were collected from 240 dairy farmers through a structured interview schedule covering 20 constraints. Constraints were analysed using frequency, percentage, weighted mean score, constraint severity index and principal component analysis. The overall constraint severity index was 73.70, indicating a severe constraint situation. High cost of cattle feed ranked first with a WMS of 4.41 and CSI of 88.25, followed by year-round non-availability of green and dry fodder (WMS 4.30; CSI 86.00) and high cost of veterinary medicines and treatment (WMS 4.27; CSI 85.33). The KMO value was 0.808 and Bartlett’s test was significant. Five components were retained and together explained 63.83 per cent of total variance. The components represented production-resource and input, animal-health and breeding-service, extension and participation, credit and insurance, and milk-market access and price-realisation constraints. The findings indicated that farmers perceived constraints across production, service, financial and marketing areas of dairy farming.

KeywordsConstraint severity indexFarmer’s perceptionPrincipal component analysisLivestock servicesFodder scarcity

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