/* ACS Publisher article page (7 Nov 2026). Own colours, fonts and labels - deliberately not a copy of any other publisher's look. */
:root{--acs-ink:#222;--acs-muted:#666;--acs-line:#ddd;--acs-navy:#0e3b4f;--acs-link:#0a6b78;--acs-accent:#c7512b;--acs-grey:#eef3f2;--acs-btn:#0a6b78}
.acs-article *{box-sizing:border-box}
body.acs-article{margin:0;background:#fff;color:var(--acs-ink);font:15px/1.6 "Open Sans",system-ui,sans-serif}
.acs-article a{color:var(--acs-link);text-decoration:none}.acs-article a:hover{text-decoration:underline}
.acs-skip{position:absolute;left:-9999px}.acs-skip:focus{left:8px;top:8px;background:#fff;padding:6px;z-index:9}
.acs-wrap{max-width:1300px;margin:0 auto;padding:0 16px}
.acs-crumbbar{background:var(--acs-navy);color:#fff;font-size:12px;font-weight:600}
.acs-crumbbar .acs-wrap{padding-top:5px;padding-bottom:5px;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}
.acs-crumbbar a{color:#fff!important}.acs-crumbbar i{font-style:normal;opacity:.8;margin:0 8px;font-size:9px}
.acs-jhead{background:var(--acs-grey)}
.acs-jhead .acs-wrap{display:flex;gap:18px;padding-top:14px;padding-bottom:22px;align-items:flex-start}
.acs-cover{width:76px;height:100px;object-fit:cover;box-shadow:0 1px 3px rgba(0,0,0,.25);background:#ccc;display:block}
.acs-jname{font-weight:700;color:var(--acs-navy);font-size:15px}
.acs-jsub{font-size:13px;margin:2px 0}
.acs-jvol{font-size:12px;margin-top:4px}.acs-jvol a{text-decoration:underline}
.acs-jbtns{margin-top:12px;display:flex;gap:6px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.acs-jbtns a{font-size:12px;color:#fff!important;padding:5px 12px;border-radius:2px}
.acs-b-sub{background:var(--acs-accent)}.acs-b-home{background:var(--acs-navy)}
.acs-jsearch{margin-left:auto;text-align:right}
.acs-row{display:flex;gap:4px}
.acs-jsearch input{width:330px;border:1px solid #ccc;padding:7px 12px;font:12px "Open Sans",sans-serif}
.acs-jsearch button{background:var(--acs-btn);border:0;color:#fff;width:32px;border-radius:2px;cursor:pointer}
.acs-jsearch small{display:block;font-size:10px;margin-top:6px}
.acs-ahead{background:linear-gradient(#fff,#f2f4f4)}
.acs-ahead .acs-wrap{padding-top:24px;padding-left:232px}
.acs-atype{font-size:11px;color:#444}
.acs-article h1{font:700 27px/1.3 Lora,Georgia,serif;margin:2px 0 6px;color:#111}
.acs-authors{font-size:13px}.acs-au{all:unset;cursor:pointer;color:var(--acs-link)}
.acs-orcid{display:inline-block;background:#a6ce39;color:#fff!important;font-size:9px;font-weight:700;border-radius:50%;width:15px;height:15px;line-height:15px;text-align:center;vertical-align:1px}
.acs-affs{display:none;font-size:12px;color:#444;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--acs-line);padding:8px 12px;margin:6px 0}.acs-affs.open{display:block}
.acs-meta{font-size:11px;color:#444;margin-top:4px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:2px 0}
.acs-meta>span:not(:empty):not(:last-child):after{content:" | ";white-space:pre}
.acs-badge{color:#1b7a3e;font-weight:600}
.acs-alinks{display:flex;gap:22px;font-size:12px;margin:12px 0 0;flex-wrap:wrap}
.acs-tabsrow{display:flex;align-items:flex-end;gap:2px;margin-top:20px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.acs-tabs{display:flex;gap:2px;flex-wrap:wrap}
.acs-tabs button{all:unset;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;color:var(--acs-link);padding:10px 12px}
.acs-tabs button[hidden]{display:none}
.acs-tabs button.on{color:var(--acs-navy);font-weight:700;box-shadow:inset 0 -3px 0 var(--acs-accent)}
.acs-readbtn{display:inline-block;background:var(--acs-accent);color:#fff!important;font-size:12px;padding:7px 14px;margin:0 0 5px 8px;border-radius:2px}
.acs-body .acs-wrap{display:grid;grid-template-columns:200px minmax(0,1fr) 290px;gap:32px;padding-top:30px;padding-bottom:60px}
.acs-promo{background:var(--acs-btn);color:#fff;padding:12px 12px 10px;font-size:16px;line-height:1.15;align-self:start}
.acs-promo small{display:block;font-size:11px;margin-top:10px;line-height:1.3}.acs-promo a{color:#ffd24d!important;font-weight:700}
.acs-pane{display:none}.acs-pane.on{display:block}
.acs-art{font-size:15px;line-height:1.75;color:#333}
.acs-art h2{font:700 18px/1.3 Lora,Georgia,serif;text-transform:uppercase;color:#111;margin:30px 0 10px}
.acs-art h2#acs-s-abs{margin-top:0}
.acs-art h3{font:700 15px/1.3 "Open Sans",sans-serif;margin:22px 0 6px}
.acs-art h4{font:600 14px/1.3 "Open Sans",sans-serif;margin:18px 0 6px}
.acs-kw{font-size:13px;margin-top:16px}.acs-kw b{display:block;text-transform:uppercase;font:700 13px Lora,serif;margin-bottom:6px}
.acs-kw span{display:inline-block;border:1px solid #bbb;padding:1px 10px;margin:0 6px 6px 0;font-size:12px}
.acs-nofull{margin-top:28px;padding:16px;background:var(--acs-grey)}.acs-nofull .acs-readbtn{margin:0}
.acs-tw{margin:22px 0;border-top:2px solid #333;border-bottom:2px solid #333}
.acs-tw .cap{font-size:13px;padding:8px 0}.acs-tw .cap b{margin-right:4px}
.acs-tw .sc{overflow-x:auto}
.acs-tw table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:12px;line-height:1.4}
.acs-tw td,.acs-tw th{padding:5px 8px;border-bottom:1px solid #e3e3e3;vertical-align:top;text-align:left}
.acs-tw tr:first-child td,.acs-tw th{font-weight:700;border-bottom:1px solid #333}
.acs-tw .foot{font-size:11px;color:var(--acs-muted);padding:6px 0}
.acs-fig{margin:22px 0}.acs-fig img{max-width:100%;height:auto}.acs-fig .cap{font-size:13px;margin-top:6px}
.acs-refs{font-size:13px;padding-left:22px}.acs-refs li{margin-bottom:12px}.acs-refs .rl{font-size:11px;margin-top:2px}
.acs-raw{list-style:none;margin-left:-22px}
.acs-license{margin-top:40px;font-size:12px;color:var(--acs-muted);border-top:1px solid var(--acs-line);padding-top:14px}
.acs-side h3{font:400 18px Lora,Georgia,serif;margin:0 0 10px}
.acs-card{border-left:4px solid var(--acs-btn);border-radius:0 4px 4px 0;background:#f7f7f7;margin-bottom:10px;padding:10px 10px;font-size:12px}
.acs-card a{font-size:12.5px;line-height:1.35;display:block;padding-bottom:8px;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd;margin-bottom:6px}
.acs-card small{display:block;color:#555;font-size:11px}
.acs-box{margin-top:22px}.acs-box h4{font:400 16px Lora,serif;margin:0 0 8px}.acs-box[hidden]{display:none}
.acs-cite{font-size:12px;background:#f7f7f7;padding:10px;line-height:1.5}
.acs-copy{all:unset;cursor:pointer;font-size:12px;color:var(--acs-link);margin-top:4px;display:inline-block}
.acs-toc a{display:block;font-size:12.5px;padding:3px 0}
.acs-foot{background:var(--acs-navy);color:#dfe8ea;font-size:12px;padding:24px 0}.acs-foot a{color:#fff!important}
/* --- menu bar (journal's own primary menu) --- */
.acs-navbar{background:#fff;border-bottom:1px solid var(--acs-line);position:relative;z-index:20}
.acs-navbar .acs-wrap{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px}
.acs-navtoggle{all:unset;display:none;cursor:pointer;font-size:14px;font-weight:600;padding:10px 0;color:var(--acs-navy)}
.acs-nav{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}
.acs-nav-user{margin-left:auto}
.acs-nav li{position:relative}
.acs-nav a{display:block;padding:10px 12px;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:var(--acs-navy)!important}
.acs-nav a:hover{background:var(--acs-grey);text-decoration:none}
.acs-nav ul{display:none;position:absolute;left:0;top:100%;min-width:230px;background:#fff;border:1px solid var(--acs-line);box-shadow:0 4px 14px rgba(0,0,0,.12);list-style:none;margin:0;padding:4px 0;z-index:30}
.acs-nav ul a{font-weight:400;padding:7px 14px}
.acs-nav li:hover>ul,.acs-nav li:focus-within>ul{display:block}
.acs-nav-user ul{left:auto;right:0}
.acs-nav .task_count{background:var(--acs-accent);color:#fff;border-radius:8px;padding:0 5px;font-size:10px;margin-left:4px}
.acs-nav .pkp_screen_reader{position:absolute;left:-9999px}
/* --- two-column pages (home, issue) and one-column (archive) --- */
.acs-body.acs-two .acs-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 300px}
.acs-body.acs-one .acs-wrap{display:block}
.acs-body h1{font:700 26px/1.3 Lora,Georgia,serif;margin:2px 0 8px;color:#111}
.acs-body h1 a{color:#111!important}
.acs-sechead{font:700 17px/1.3 Lora,Georgia,serif;text-transform:uppercase;color:var(--acs-navy);border-bottom:2px solid var(--acs-navy);padding-bottom:6px;margin:30px 0 4px}
.acs-issuehead{display:flex;gap:22px;align-items:flex-start;margin-bottom:10px}
.acs-bigcover{width:150px;height:auto;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(0,0,0,.25);display:block}
.acs-issuetitle{font-size:14px;color:#444;margin-bottom:4px}
.acs-issuedesc{font-size:14px;color:#333;margin-top:10px}
.acs-warn{background:#fff4cc;padding:8px 12px;font-size:13px}
.acs-item{padding:16px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--acs-line)}
.acs-item h3{font:600 16px/1.4 "Open Sans",sans-serif;margin:0 0 4px}
.acs-item h3 a{color:#14323f!important}.acs-item h3 a:hover{color:var(--acs-link)!important}
.acs-item-au{font-size:13px;color:#444}
.acs-item-meta{font-size:12px;color:var(--acs-muted);margin-top:3px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:2px 16px}
.acs-item-links{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px 16px;align-items:center;margin-top:8px;font-size:12px}
.acs-item-pdf{background:var(--acs-accent);color:#fff!important;padding:3px 12px;border-radius:2px}
.acs-about-text{font-size:14.5px;line-height:1.7;color:#333}
.acs-about-text img{max-width:100%;height:auto}
.acs-extra{margin-top:34px;font-size:14px;overflow-x:auto}
.acs-extra img{max-width:100%;height:auto}
/* --- sidebar --- */
.acs-side h3{margin-top:0}
.acs-issues-mini{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:8px;margin-bottom:26px}
.acs-mini{display:flex;gap:10px;align-items:center;background:#f7f7f7;border-left:4px solid var(--acs-btn);padding:8px;font-size:13px;color:#14323f!important}
.acs-mini.on{border-left-color:var(--acs-accent);background:#fff3ee}
.acs-mini img{width:38px;height:50px;object-fit:cover;flex:none}
.acs-mini small{display:block;color:var(--acs-muted);font-size:11px}
.acs-more{font-size:13px;font-weight:600}
.acs-blocks .pkp_block{border:1px solid var(--acs-line);border-radius:4px;padding:12px 14px;margin-bottom:16px;font-size:13px;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.acs-blocks .pkp_block .title{display:block;font:400 16px Lora,serif;margin-bottom:8px}
.acs-blocks .pkp_block ul{padding-left:18px;margin:0}
.acs-blocks .pkp_block img{max-width:100%;height:auto}
.acs-blocks .block_make_submission a{display:block;text-align:center;background:var(--acs-accent);color:#fff!important;padding:9px;border-radius:2px;font-weight:600}
.acs-blocks .pkp_screen_reader{position:absolute;left:-9999px}
/* --- archive grid --- */
.acs-archive{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(170px,1fr));gap:22px;margin-top:18px}
.acs-acard{display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:3px;font-size:13px;color:#14323f!important}
.acs-acard:hover{text-decoration:none}.acs-acard:hover b{color:var(--acs-link)}
.acs-acover{aspect-ratio:3/4;background:var(--acs-grey);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;box-shadow:0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.18);margin-bottom:6px}
.acs-acover img{width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover}
.acs-acover span{font:700 20px/1.3 Lora,serif;color:var(--acs-navy);text-align:center}
.acs-acard small{color:var(--acs-muted);font-size:11.5px}
.acs-pager{display:flex;gap:20px;justify-content:center;align-items:center;margin:34px 0 0;font-size:14px}
@media (max-width:980px){
 .acs-body.acs-two .acs-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr)}
 .acs-navbar .acs-navtoggle{display:block}
 .acs-navbar .acs-wrap{flex-wrap:wrap}
 .acs-nav{display:none;flex-direction:column;width:100%}
 .acs-navbar .acs-wrap.open .acs-nav{display:flex}
 .acs-nav-user{margin-left:0}
 .acs-nav ul{position:static;display:block;box-shadow:none;border:0;padding-left:14px}
 .acs-bigcover{width:100px}
 .acs-archive{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:14px}

 .acs-ahead .acs-wrap{padding-left:16px}
 .acs-body .acs-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:24px}
 .acs-promo,.acs-jsearch{display:none}
 .acs-article h1{font-size:22px}
 .acs-alinks a{word-break:break-all}
}
.acs-current{margin-top:34px}
.acs-acover{position:relative}.acs-acover em{position:absolute;left:0;right:0;bottom:0;background:rgba(14,59,79,.88);color:#fff;font:600 12px "Open Sans",sans-serif;padding:5px 6px;text-align:center}
/* --- generic reader pages inside the ACS frame (about, policies, search, login, register, news) --- */
.acs-content{font-size:15px;line-height:1.7;color:#333;min-width:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
.acs-content .cmp_breadcrumbs,.acs-content .pkp_screen_reader,.acs-content a#pkp_content_main{position:absolute!important;left:-9999px}
.acs-content h1{font:700 26px/1.3 Lora,Georgia,serif;color:#111;margin:0 0 14px}
.acs-content h2{font:700 18px/1.3 Lora,Georgia,serif;color:var(--acs-navy);margin:28px 0 10px}
.acs-content h3{font:700 15px/1.3 "Open Sans",sans-serif;margin:22px 0 8px}
.acs-content img{max-width:100%;height:auto}
.acs-content table{border-collapse:collapse;max-width:100%;display:block;overflow-x:auto}
.acs-content td,.acs-content th{border:1px solid var(--acs-line);padding:6px 10px;vertical-align:top}
.acs-content ul,.acs-content ol{padding-left:22px}
.acs-content blockquote{border-left:4px solid var(--acs-btn);margin:14px 0;padding:4px 16px;background:#f7f9f9}
/* forms */
.acs-content fieldset{border:0;padding:0;margin:0 0 18px}
.acs-content legend{font:700 16px Lora,serif;color:var(--acs-navy);margin-bottom:8px}
.acs-content label{display:block;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;margin:12px 0 4px}
.acs-content .label{font-size:13px;font-weight:600}
.acs-content input[type=text],.acs-content input[type=email],.acs-content input[type=password],.acs-content input[type=url],.acs-content input[type=search],.acs-content input[type=date],.acs-content select,.acs-content textarea{width:100%;max-width:480px;border:1px solid #c9d1d4;border-radius:3px;padding:8px 10px;font:14px "Open Sans",sans-serif;background:#fff}
.acs-content input:focus,.acs-content select:focus,.acs-content textarea:focus{outline:2px solid var(--acs-btn);outline-offset:0;border-color:var(--acs-btn)}
.acs-content input[type=checkbox],.acs-content input[type=radio]{margin-right:6px}
.acs-content .optin label,.acs-content .checkbox label,.acs-content label.pkp_form_checkbox_label{font-weight:400;display:inline}
.acs-content button,.acs-content .cmp_button,.acs-content input[type=submit],.acs-content .submit{background:var(--acs-btn);color:#fff!important;border:0;border-radius:3px;padding:9px 20px;font:600 14px "Open Sans",sans-serif;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block}
.acs-content .buttons{margin-top:18px;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:12px;align-items:center}
.acs-content .buttons a{font-size:14px}
.acs-content .required{color:var(--acs-accent)}
.acs-content .cmp_notification{background:#eef6f7;border-left:4px solid var(--acs-btn);padding:10px 14px;margin:12px 0}
.acs-content .cmp_notification.warning,.acs-content .pkp_form_error,.acs-content .error{background:#fff1ec;border-left-color:var(--acs-accent);color:#8a2b10}
/* search + lists of articles */
.acs-content .search_input,.acs-content .search_advanced{margin-bottom:14px}
.acs-content .cmp_article_list,.acs-content .search_results{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:16px 0}
.acs-content .cmp_article_list>li,.acs-content .search_results>li{padding:14px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--acs-line)}
.acs-content .obj_article_summary .title{font:600 16px/1.4 "Open Sans",sans-serif;margin:0 0 4px}
.acs-content .obj_article_summary .meta{font-size:12.5px;color:var(--acs-muted)}
.acs-content .obj_article_summary .galleys_links,.acs-content .galleys_links{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:8px 0 0;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px}
.acs-content .obj_galley_link{display:inline-block;background:var(--acs-accent);color:#fff!important;padding:3px 12px;border-radius:2px;font-size:12px}
.acs-content .obj_article_summary .cover{display:none}
.acs-content .cmp_pagination{display:flex;gap:16px;justify-content:center;margin-top:20px;font-size:14px}
/* announcements */
.acs-content .cmp_announcements>*,.acs-content .obj_announcement_summary{padding:14px 0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--acs-line)}
.acs-content .obj_announcement_summary .date{font-size:12px;color:var(--acs-muted)}
/* editorial team, about */
.acs-content .contact_section .address,.acs-content .contact{margin:6px 0 16px}
.acs-generic .acs-side{margin-top:6px}