Prakriti - The International Multidisciplinary Research Journal
type: channel
description: Prakriti - The International Multidisciplinary Research Journal Prakriti - The International Multidisciplinary Research Journal is a peer-reviewed publication dedicated to showcasing original, high-quality academic research. Its mission is to provide a global platform for researchers to share innovative, practical, and significant research findings across diverse disciplines. The journal welcomes contributions from academicians, consultants, policy makers, business managers, and practitioners, aiming to foster new ideas and problem-solving models. Prakriti is committed to disseminating world-class research insights that benefit academia, industry, and policy makers alike.
publisher: ACS Publisher
language: en
publication name: Prakriti - The International Multidisciplinary Research Journal
issn: 3048-927X
items: Land Use And Landcover Change In Coastal Area: A Case Study Of Talsari To Udaypur Coastal Tract In East Coast Of India
items: Bathymetric Survey Of Urban Water Reservoir: Case Study Of Kathauta Jheel,Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
items: The Disaster Management Plan for the Indian Forts: Lessons and the Way Forward from the Panhala Fort
items: Feature Selection for Autism Spectrum Disorder Prediction using LASSO Logistic Regression
items: Water Quality Indexing In Gomti River Water From Its Origin To Conflu ence With River Ganga: A Geospatial Based Analytical Study
items: Socio- Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters in Himachal Pradesh
items: Role of Geology in Groundwater Potential Zoning Using Remote Sensing and GIS: A Case Study of Neem Ka Thana, Rajasthan
items: Soundscape Assessment and Noise Pollution Analysis of Himachal Pradesh, India
items: Water Quality Assessment of Springs in the Middle Himalayas: A Case Study of Banjar Block in Himachal Pradesh
items: Air Pollution in India: Sources, Impacts and Policy Responses
items: Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Crimes against Women A case study of Hansi-I and Hansi-II Blocks, Hisar
items: Addressing Vata Vyadhi With Ayurveda: A Case Study
items: Ayurvedic Management Of Vrikka Vikara (Ckd): A Case Study
items: Ayurvedic Management Of Duodenal Ulcer: A Clinical Case Study
items: Vrikka Vikara Chikitsa: A Case Study Of Ayurvedic Approach In Managing Ckd With A History Of Prameha And Hridroga
items: Ayurvedic Approach to Diabetes Mellitus Associated With Pancreatitis: A Case Study
items: A Review of Machine Learning-Based Impact AssessmentTechniques Using Remote Sensing Imagery in Environmental andUrban Studies
items: An Ethnobotanical Assessment of the Flora in Rampur Forest Division, Shimla District, Himachal Pradesh: Traditional Uses, Threats, and Manage ment Strategies
items: Impact of Blockchain Technology on Operational Performance of Ware housing (Logistics) Industry in Sri Lanka
items: कृष्णा सोबती के उपन्यासों में व्यक्त नारी अवधारणाएं
items: जैनाचार की वैज्ञानिकता: पर्यावरण सुरक्षा एवं संतुलन के सन्दर्भ में
items: URBAN SPRAWL MAPPING OF AJMER CITY (2020-2024) USING SATELLITE IMAGERY
items: Was 2024 A Mandate for Good Governance or Savior of Democracy?
items: Environmental impacts of land use and land cover changes in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh
items: Spatial Analysis of Canal Irrigation in Bhiwani District: An Intra-Block Analysis
items: Geospatial studies in assessing the Environmental Conditions in most diverse block (Puranpur ) of Pilibhit District,Uttar Pradesh
items: DOMESTIC WASTE DISPOSAL PRACTICES AND AWARENESS ABOUT ITS IMPACTS ON ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH IN AN ISLANDIC VILLAGE: AKHADA-ST. ESTEVAM IN GOA
items: सीमान्त कृषकों की स्थिति का भूगोलिक अध्ययन : दौसा जिले की महुवा तहसील के संदर्भ में
items: Exploring the Role of Landscape Architecture in Advancing Environ mental Equity and Climate Justice
items: Demographic Shifts: Exploring the Impacts of Population Ageing in North West India

Land Use And Landcover Change In Coastal Area: A Case Study Of Talsari To Udaypur Coastal Tract In East Coast Of India
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description: Coastal land is very dynamic in nature. It can experience change due to natural and anthropogenic activities. If the area is a popular tourist destination, then it emerges more rapidly than other parts. Land use and Landcover analysis depicts all in them. The present paper is about those changes in the selected tract of coastal land along east coast of India. It is based on secondary data like satellite images majorly. It depicts periodic change in land use and landcover from Talsari to Udaypur (1932 -2022). The LULC of different time frame shows the nature of change in the area.
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creator: Satabdi Roy
creator: Surendra C Thakurdesai
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
starting page: 83
ending page: 86
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2026.3.1.11

Bathymetric Survey Of Urban Water Reservoir: Case Study Of Kathauta Jheel,Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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description: Conducted within Gomtinagar, Lucknow District, Uttar Pradesh, India, the Bathymetry survey encompassed an approximate area of 2.89 square kilometers. This survey aimed to meticulously gauge water depth, achieving a high degree of accuracy measured in centimeters, while also facilitating a comprehensive three-dimensional perspective. The examination of sediment within the reservoir, vital for urban drinking water supply, was conducted through multiple surveys. Moreover, a dynamic map illustrating water depth at 10-centimeter intervals has been meticulously prepared, covering the entire designated segment.
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creator: Sangharsh Rao
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
starting page: 70
ending page: 82
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2026.3.1.10

The Disaster Management Plan for the Indian Forts: Lessons and the Way Forward from the Panhala Fort
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description: Forts are the part of our heritage they were the centres of administration, military power, religion, culture and economic activities in old days. Conservation of forts means preservation of our heritage sites. The National Disaster Management Guidelines for Cultural Heritage Sites and Precincts issued by National Disaster Management Authority in 2017. In the light of these guidelines Kolhapur District Disaster Management Authority have prepared Panhala Fort Disaster Management Plan. It is novel step taken by the Kolhapur District Disaster Management Authority which should be followed by the other states. In this backdrop author has mentioned that six series of forts from the state of Rajasthan (in 2013) and twelve Maratha Military Landscape Forts are recently declared as World Heritage Site. So, there is need to prepare fort specific disaster management plan by concern authority in order to conserve our rich heritage as well as to ensure the safety of visitors. Preparation of such plan is an opportunity to inculcate global initiatives of disaster management at the local level.
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creator: Rupali Mohan Patil
creator: Jayashree Khandare
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
starting page: 64
ending page: 69
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2026.3.1.9

Feature Selection for Autism Spectrum Disorder Prediction using LASSO Logistic Regression
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description: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental condition where early and reliable detection is essential for timely intervention. Machine learning methods are increasingly used to support psychiatric assessments, yet their effectiveness depends strongly on identifying the most relevant features. This study applies a single embedded feature selection approach—LASSO (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator) logistic regression—to the publicly available UCI Autism Screening Dataset for Children. The dataset, containing behavioral screening questions and demographic variables, was preprocessed and evaluated using stratified 10-fold cross-validation. LASSO was employed both as a classifier and as a feature selector, shrinking less informative coefficients to zero while retaining the most predictive attributes. Results show that LASSO successfully reduced the dimensionality of the dataset, maintaining strong predictive performance in terms of accuracy, recall, and F1-score. Importantly, family history of autism and specific behavioral responses emerged as consistently influential features. This focused study highlights the value of LASSO as a dual-purpose tool for prediction and feature selection in ASD research. The findings demonstrate that concise, interpretable feature sets can be derived without compromising accuracy, supporting the development of efficient and transparent diagnostic aids for clinical practice.
subject: Research Articles
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creator: Rishi Saxena
creator: Amitabh Wahi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
starting page: 58
ending page: 63
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2026.3.1.8

Water Quality Indexing In Gomti River Water From Its Origin To Conflu ence With River Ganga: A Geospatial Based Analytical Study
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description: River Gomti is one of the major rivers in the northern Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It flows through the fertile plains of Uttar Pradesh, serving as a lifeline for millions of people along its course. The river has significant cultural, historical, and ecological importance, deeply embedded in the heritage of the region. In terms of ecology, the Gomti River supports a rich ecosystem that flourishes in and around its waters recognitions to its various flora and fauna.Water Quality Indexing of the Gomti River from its origin to its confluence with the Ganga River has become increasingly crucial due to rising pollution levels and urbanization impacts. This study employs geospatial techniques and comprehensive water quality analysis to assess the river health across its entire stretch. Total 39 water samples were collected from multiple monitoring stations strategically located from the river’s origin at Gomat Taal (Pilibhit) to its confluence point with the Ganga River at kaithi (Ghazipur). The analysis incorporated key physicochemical parameters including dissolved oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), pH and electrical conductivity. Geographic Information System (GIS) tools were utilized to create spatial distribution maps of water quality parameters and calculating Water Quality Index (WQI) values. Results indicated significant spatial variations in water quality, with deteriorating conditions observed in urban segments, particularly near Lucknow. The study revealed that approximately 45% of the river stretch falls under the ‘poor’ to ‘very poor’ water quality categories, primarily due to untreated sewage discharge and industrial effluents. This research provides crucial baseline data for river management authorities and highlights areas requiring immediate intervention for pollution control and ecosystem restoration.
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creator: Mamta Shukla
creator: Pallavi Singh
creator: Sudhakar Shukla
creator: Mansa Soni
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
starting page: 39
ending page: 57
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2026.3.1.7

Socio- Economic Impacts of Natural Disasters in Himachal Pradesh
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description: Disaster means a catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence in any area arising from natural or manmade causes or by accident or negligence which results in substantial loss of life or human suffering or damage to, and destruction of property, or damage to, or degradation of, environment and is of such nature or magnitude as to be beyond the copping capacity of the community of the affected area. The impact of natural disasters in Himachal Pradesh has been witnessing damages almost during every rainy, winter and summer season also due to excessive rain, avalanches, cloudbursts, landslides, flash floods hailstorms and droughts where as earthquake disaster took place occasionally. Extensive damages are caused to the infrastructure like roads, bridges, drinking water supply schemes, irrigation projects/ schemes, hydroelectric projects, destruction of forest wealth, besides taking its toll of human and cattle lives and destruction of private properties. Over the last decade of 20th century and recent past Himachal Pradesh is facing nature wrath in diverse forms one calamity has followed in the wake of the other. During the period from 1990 to 2005 a search of loss due to natural disasters through govt. record reveals that during this period the total loss to the public property in the state is estimated to be Rr.163530.82 lacs, housing sector and cowsheds etc. to the extent of Rs. 92340.46 lacs and 274.778 lacs population affected. Due to natural disasters 828 human lives and 18033 heads of cattle have been lost. An extensive loss to the agriculture and horticulture sectors has also been recorded in the state.
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creator: Nek Ram
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
starting page: 34
ending page: 38
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2026.3.1.6

Role of Geology in Groundwater Potential Zoning Using Remote Sensing and GIS: A Case Study of Neem Ka Thana, Rajasthan
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description: Geological and geomorphological factors significantly influence groundwater supply in semi-arid areas like Neem Ka Thana, Rajasthan (Wikipedia, 2025). This study highlights how geology, including lithology, soil properties, and structural aspects, helps define groundwater potential zones. The BhuKosh and WRIS databases are used to generate thematic layers for the study, which include geology, geomorphology, lithology, soil depth, and soil texture (Bhuvan, 2025; WRIS, 2024). To evaluate their impact on groundwater storage and transport, structural elements such faults, folds, and lineaments were mapped. These datasets first preprocessing offers information on subsurface flow behaviour, storage capacity, and recharge potential. The results demonstrate that in hard rock terrains, lithological variances, soil depth, and geomorphic units are important factors that influence groundwater availability (Strahler, 1957; Patel et al., 2012). This framework lays the foundation for subsequent multi-criteria groundwater potential mapping.
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creator: Santosh Kumar
creator: Mahesh Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
starting page: 28
ending page: 33
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2026.3.1.5

Soundscape Assessment and Noise Pollution Analysis of Himachal Pradesh, India
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description: Himachal Pradesh, renowned for its pristine natural landscapes and tranquil environment, has witnessed rapid urbanization and increased human activities in recent years. This shift has sparked concerns regarding the potential impacts of noise pollution on the environment and public health. The objective of this study was to thoroughly evaluate the soundscape and map noise pollution levels across various regions of Himachal Pradesh. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research has combined acoustic measurements, Geographic Information System (GIS) technology, and community surveys. Sound level measurements have been gathered at strategic points across urban, sub-urban, and rural areas of the state, capturing both ambient noise and specific events. Geographic data have been integrated to construct noise pollution maps, providing spatial insights into noise distribution and identifying hotspots. Additionally, community perception surveys was conducted to assess the impact of noise pollution on residents’ well-being and quality of life. This research paper will contribute to the knowledge base by providing valuable insights into the current soundscape of the state and laying the groundwork for sound urban planning and noise management strategies. The findings have suggested for preserving the tranquillity of Himachal Pradesh’s natural environment while safeguarding the well-being of its residents amidst growing urbanization and development pressures.
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creator: Manoj Kumar
creator: Krishna Kumar
creator: Sunny Sharma
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
starting page: 19
ending page: 27
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2026.3.1.4

Water Quality Assessment of Springs in the Middle Himalayas: A Case Study of Banjar Block in Himachal Pradesh
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description: Springs in the Himalayan region are significant for domestic, agricultural, and ecological needs, yet they face declining flows, seasonal variability, and potential contamination from urbanisation, tourism, and climate change. Limited studies exist on water quality in the Middle Himalayas. The present study focuses on assessing water quality in springs of Banjar Block, Kullu Valley, Himachal Pradesh, where high relief and monsoonal turbidity make surface water unreliable, emphasising the reliance on springs and Bawdis. This study aims to assess the suitability of these sources for domestic use by evaluating their physical, chemical, and bacteriological parameters. Nineteen water samples have been collected from perennial springs using purposive sampling and analysed in government laboratories for 11 key parameters following the BIS IS 10500 methods. The Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI) was computed, assigning weights based on health and usability priorities. The study highlights that no E. coli or total coliforms were found, indicating that the water quality is excellent at all springs. The average values of the study reflect a TDS of 153.03 mg/L, total hardness of 68.29 mg/L, turbidity of 0.22 NTU, and a pH of 7.6. The results of all parameters fall within the permissible limits of the BIS standard. It is evident from the study that the water quality index, ranging from 10.81 to 20.18, is identified as “Excellent” and these pristine, untreated waters support safe domestic use for mountain people. However, in the face of mounting challenges, community conservation and spring shed management are necessary for sustainable Himalayan development.
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creator: Dalip Singh
creator: Madan Lal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
starting page: 10
ending page: 18
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2026.3.1.3

Air Pollution in India: Sources, Impacts and Policy Responses
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description: Air pollution is one of the most critical environmental and public health challenges confronting India in the 21st century. Rapid urbanization, industrialization, motorization, and unsustainable agricultural practices have resulted in dangerously high levels of air pollutants across much of the country. India today houses several of the world’s most polluted cities, with particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) levels routinely exceeding both national and international safety standards. The health, environmental, and economic consequences are profound, ranging from millions of premature deaths each year to crop yield losses, climate disturbances, and GDP reduction. This paper reviews the major causes of air pollution in India, outlines its wide-ranging impacts, and critically examines existing policy measures such as the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP). Using secondary data from government agencies, peer-reviewed journals, and global assessments, this research highlights both progress and persistent gaps. The paper concludes with policy recommendations that stress the importance of integrating technological solutions, governance reforms, and community engagement to address the air pollution crisis.
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creator: Anjana Srivastava
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
starting page: 7
ending page: 9
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2026.3.1.2

Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Crimes against Women A case study of Hansi-I and Hansi-II Blocks, Hisar
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description: Women occupy a vital place in the society. They are considered the first architects and future builders of society, being the first teachers of children. From the last decade’s crime statistics, we see sharp number of crimes registered under ‘cruelty’ by husband and his relatives. Now there are many types of crimes against women reported and recorded like rape, cruelty by husband, relatives, family, society, dowry death, sexual harassment, molestation, etc. expanding the new horizon of research. This research attempts to focus on spatio-temporal analysis of crime against women for the period 2019-2020 of Hansi-I and Hnasi-II block with special reference to rape by state level mapping and trend analysis. Remote sensing (Sentinel-2) satellite data with 30 m spatial resolution have been used for preparation of base map and crime location hot spot of the study area. The study is based on secondary data is collected from civil line Police Station, Hansi for the year of 2018 and 2019. GIS is used to view the hotspot of any type of crime activities. It is very efficient software for identifying the crime hotspot in an easy manner. The result indicate that total 58 number of crime were recorded including rape, domestic violence, sexual harassment, dowry and kidnaping found in study area during 2018. It has been observed that rape, domestic violence, sexual harassment, dowry and kidnaping recoded case 9, 19, 14, 13 and 4 respectively. In 2019 it has been found that 19 domestic violence crimes against women recorded in this year. 9 rape crimes, 14 sexual harassment crimes, 13 dowry crimes and 4 kidnaping crime cases recorded against women. There it emerges that the incidence of crime is associated with the socio-economic and demographic profile of the locality. So some remedies should be implemented in our society.
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creator: Anil Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026
date: 2026-02-10
publication date: 2026-02-10
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2026.3.1.1

Addressing Vata Vyadhi With Ayurveda: A Case Study
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description: Vata Vyadhi encompasses a broad range of neuromuscular, musculoskeletal, and degenerative disorders caused by Vata Dosha vitiation, leading to symptoms such as pain, stiffness, and mobility impairment. This case study evaluates the impact of Ayurvedic interventions in managing Vata Vyadhi in a 60-year-old female patient who visited Jeena Sikho Lifecare Limited Hospital, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India. She presented with radiating lower limb pain, knee joint pain, and left-sided radiculopathy. The patient underwent Ayurvedic treatment, including dietary modifications, Ayurvedic formulations, and lifestyle management. Post-treatment, she experienced significant pain relief and improved mobility, with no recurrence of symptoms. Additionally, improved vital signs and laboratory parameters indicated a positive therapeutic response. From a modern perspective, VataVyadhi correlates with conditions like osteoarthritis, sciatica, and neuropathy, often diagnosed through MRI, CT scans, and inflammatory markers. While conventional medicine relies on analgesics, muscle relaxants, and surgery, Ayurvedic treatment offer a holistic approach addressing both symptoms and underlying pathology. This case highlights the potential efficacy of Ayurveda in Vata disorder management, though further clinical trials and standardized protocols are needed to validate these findings and integrate Ayurveda into mainstream healthcare.
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creator: Acharya Manish
creator: Gitika Chaudhary
creator: Richa
creator: Ajay
creator: Tanu Rani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-22
publication date: 2025-12-22
starting page: 119
ending page: 125
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.2.14

Ayurvedic Management Of Vrikka Vikara (Ckd): A Case Study
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description: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive disorder characterized by a gradual decline in kidney function, often associated with risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Conventional treatments primarily focus on delaying disease progression through pharmacological interventions and renal replacement therapies. However, Ayurveda offers an alternative, holistic approach targeting the underlying pathophysiology through Dosha balance and lifestyle modifications. This case study evaluates the Ayurvedic management of a 32-year old male diagnosed with Grade III CKD at Jeena Sikho Lifecare Limited Clinic, Kota, Rajasthan, India. The patient presented with lumbar pain, pedal edema, and weakness. Diagnostic evaluations revealed a simple cortical cyst with cortical echogenicity. After treatment, the patient exhibited significant symptomatic relief, including reduced pedal edema and pain. Laboratory findings showed a decrease in Blood urea levels from 129.8 mg/dL to 69 mg/dL and serum creatinine levels from 8.46 mg/dL to 6.7 mg/dL. Additionally, there was a reduction in body weight from 44 kg to 40 kg, reflecting improved overall health. The results suggest that Ayurvedic therapies can enhance renal function and alleviate CKD symptoms, providing a viable complementary approach to conventional treatments. The findings highlight the potential of Ayurveda in CKD management by addressing systemic imbalances through personalized interventions. Further research is required to substantiate these observations and explore integrative treatment models that combine Ayurvedic and modern medical approaches for optimal patient outcomes.
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creator: Acharya Manish
creator: Gitika Chaudhary
creator: Richa
creator: Lekha Soni
creator: Tanu Rani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-20
publication date: 2025-12-20
starting page: 110
ending page: 118
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.2.13

Ayurvedic Management Of Duodenal Ulcer: A Clinical Case Study
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description: Duodenal ulcer, a type of peptic ulcer disease, is characterized by an open sore in the lining of the duodenum—the first part of the small intestine—primarily caused by excessive gastric acid secretion, Helicobacter pylori infection, or prolonged use of NSAIDs, leading to symptoms such as epigastric pain, acidity, and indigestion. This case study evaluates the integrative management of a 31-year-old male patient diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer, who presented to Jeena Sikho Lifecare Limited Hospital, Ambala, Haryana, India with chief complaints of gastritis and hyperacidity persisting for over five years. The patient had a history of alcohol consumption and exhibited elevated bilirubin levels upon initial evaluation. A holistic Ayurvedic treatment protocol was initiated, which included classical Ayurvedic formulations for their cooling and demulcent effects. A strict Pitta shamana diet was also advised. After Ayurvedic intervention, the patient reported significant symptomatic relief, including the resolution of gastritis and hyperacidity. Objective findings supported clinical improvement, with total bilirubin decreasing from 1.58 mg/dL to 0.98 mg/dL and corresponding improvements in direct and conjugated bilirubin levels, indicating better hepatic function. USG findings also demonstrated abdominal improvement. This case highlights the potential of Ayurvedic therapies in managing duodenal ulcers effectively. While results are promising, further large-scale and controlled studies are necessary to validate these outcomes and standardize treatment protocols.
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creator: Acharya Manish
creator: Gitika Chaudhary
creator: Richa
creator: Divya
creator: Tanu Rani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-20
publication date: 2025-12-20
starting page: 101
ending page: 109
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.2.12

Vrikka Vikara Chikitsa: A Case Study Of Ayurvedic Approach In Managing Ckd With A History Of Prameha And Hridroga
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description: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition characterized by declining kidney function, often coexisting with hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and coronary artery disease (CAD), amplifying cardiovascular risks. Vrikka Vikar often manifests as a result of Prameha and Raktagata Vata, which collectively aggravate Hridroga, forming a complex pathophysiological interplay requiring a holistic Ayurvedic approach involving Shodhana and Shamana therapies. This case report presents a 52-year-old male with CKD, hypertension, T2DM, and CAD who underwent Ayurvedic interventions alongside conventional treatments at Jeena Sikho Lifecare Limited Hospital, Derabassi, Punjab, India. The patient experienced symptoms such as weakness, fatigue, frothy urine, disturbed sleep, and lower back pain. Following a 13-day inpatient Ayurvedic treatment regimen, the patient’s symptoms improved significantly. Laboratory investigations revealed a reduction in serum urea from 137.17 mg/dL to 75.44 mg/dL, serum creatinine from 6.88 mg/dL to 5.58 mg/dL, and uric acid from 7.30 mg/dL to 6.44 mg/dL. These outcomes suggest that Ayurvedic interventions may support improved kidney function and overall well-being. Further controlled studies are recommended to validate these findings and develop standardized treatment protocols.
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creator: Acharya Manish
creator: Gitika Chaudhary
creator: Richa
creator: Suyash Pratap Singh
creator: Shubham Badhan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-20
publication date: 2025-12-20
starting page: 85
ending page: 100
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.2.11

Ayurvedic Approach to Diabetes Mellitus Associated With Pancreatitis: A Case Study
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description: Diabetes associated with pancreatitis is an increasingly recognized health concern, primarily arising secondary to pancreatic diseases, with chronic pancreatitis being the most prevalent cause. In Ayurvedic terms, diabetes mellitus (Prameha) is associated with Kapha and Pitta vitiation, whereas pancreatitis is linked to aggravated Pitta disrupting Agni (digestive fire) and leading to Amaaccumulation. Ayurvedic management integrates di etary modifications, Ayurvedic formulations, and Panchakarma therapies to restore metabolic balance and enhance pancreatic function. This study presents the case of a 29-year-old male diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus associated with pancreatitis, who sought treatment at Jeena Sikho Lifecare Limited Hospital, Derabassi, Punjab. He underwent Panchakarma thera pies, including Awagah Swedan, Madhu Tailik Basti, Shiropichu with Brah mi oil, and Nasyam with Anutaila, alongside Ayurvedic formulations. Fol lowing Ayurvedic treatment, the patient experienced significant symptom relief, improved glycemic control, and better laboratory parameters, includ ing reduced HbA1C levels and improved liver enzyme markers. These find ings highlight the potential of Ayurvedic interventions in managing diabetes associated with pancreatitis. However, further clinical trials are necessary to validate these outcomes and establish standardized treatment protocols for enhanced patient care.
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creator: Acharya Manish
creator: Gitika Chaudhary
creator: Richa
creator: Suyash Pratap Singh
creator: Manjeet Singh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-12-09
publication date: 2025-12-09
starting page: 74
ending page: 84
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.2.10

A Review of Machine Learning-Based Impact AssessmentTechniques Using Remote Sensing Imagery in Environmental andUrban Studies
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description: The rapid growth of urbanization and environmental stress has intensified the need for precise, scalable, and timely impact assessment tools. Remote sensing (RS) imagery, with its ability to provide spatial and temporal data across large extents, has become central to monitoring land surface changes. In recent years, the integration of machine learning (ML) techniques with remote sensing has transformed how environmental and urban impacts are assessed, offering more accurate classifications, predictive capabilities, and dynamic monitoring. This review explores the current landscape of ML-based methodologies applied to RS imagery in the context of environmental degradation, urban expansion, land use/ land cover (LULC) change, vegetation health, and disaster impact evaluation. It provides a comparative assessment of commonly used algorithms such as Support Vector Machines, Random Forest, Artificial Neural Networks, and emerging deep learning models like Convolutional Neural Networks. The study examines how these methods are applied across diverse datasets—Landsat, Sentinel, UAV imagery and highlights their performance in detecting subtle and complex landscape changes. The review also identifies promising trends, including explainable AI, integration with GIS-based spatial analytics, and real-time processing via cloud platforms.
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creator: Monika Jain
creator: Lokesh Kumar Tripathi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-26
publication date: 2025-06-26
starting page: 60
ending page: 73
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.2.09

An Ethnobotanical Assessment of the Flora in Rampur Forest Division, Shimla District, Himachal Pradesh: Traditional Uses, Threats, and Manage ment Strategies
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description: This study focuses on the documentation and identification of the flora in the Rampur forest division of Shimla district, Himachal Pradesh, highlighting its ethnobotanical uses, traditional knowledge, cultural significance, prevailing threats and ongoing conservation efforts. Local floral diversity serve multiple uses, primarily medicinal, but their traditional uses also extend to food, fodder, fuel, and various cultural practices, often intertwined with magico-religious beliefs that that help in conservation. This heritage, however, is under severe threat from habitat degradation, over-exploitation, climate change, developmental projects, and the erosion of traditional knowledge due to modernization and diminishing intergenerational transfer. The study highlights the urgent need of the community engagement and various conservation strategies to safeguard both the flora and valuable indigenous knowledge systems. In the present study, 42 plant species ethnomedicinal plants belonging to 32 families and 40 plant species of other ethnobotanical uses belonging to 23 families were documented. All the 82 plants are arranged in alphabetical manner with botanical names, local names, family and their ethno botanical uses are documented in two tables.
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creator: Prem Prakash
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-26
publication date: 2025-06-26
starting page: 52
ending page: 59
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.2.8

Impact of Blockchain Technology on Operational Performance of Ware housing (Logistics) Industry in Sri Lanka
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description: Blockchain is a next-generation technology evolvement in most industries in the world, such as logistics, financing, food, supply chain, etc. According to the literature, it was identified that warehousing companies face issues such as documentation, lengthy process lead time, intermediary involvement, lesser transparency in the processes, and bullwhip effect (demand and supply forecasting errors). Therefore, to reduce these risks it could adapt to the latest technologies, such as Blockchain technology organization wise. The primary objective behind this research is to identify the significant factors/ antecedent affecting the operational performance of Sri Lanka’s warehousing industry. Two latent variables that affect the operational performance of Sri Lankan warehouses have been discovered based on the literature review. The Independent Variable of this study is attributes of Blockchain technology and there are three dimensions identified: Decentralization (peer-to-peer network), Transparency (verified), and Computation logic (smart contracts). The warehouse’s operational performance serves as the dependent variable. This study’s population consists of employees who work at the warehouse/ transport service providing organization that is practicing blockchain technology local and multinational, employees, who work at the warehouse/ transport service providing organization that is not practicing the said technology local and multinational. A sample of three hundred and seventy (370) with a confidence level (95%) and margin of error (5%) has been utilized for analysis. This survey applied simple random sampling. The operation performance of the warehouse was significantly influenced by the variable network decentralization, despite the explanatory power of information transparency being rejected.
subject: Research Articles
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creator: G.H.C.S. Amarasooriya
creator: Dr C. W. C. Silva
creator: S.S. Wanniarachchi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-02-21
publication date: 2025-02-21
starting page: 108
ending page: 119
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.1.14

कृष्णा सोबती के उपन्यासों में व्यक्त नारी अवधारणाएं
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description: कृष्णा सोबती ने अपने उपन्यासों ‘डार से बिछुड़ी’, ‘मित्रों मरजानी’, ‘सूरजमुखी अंधेरे के’ में स्त्री को एक उन्मुक्त रूप में प्रस्तुत किया है, जो उनकी सबसे बड़ी विशेषता है। उन्होंने नारी को साहस के साथ चित्रित किया और काम-संबंधों को एक सहज शारीरिक आवश्यकता के रूप में प्रस्तुत किया। उनके विचारों के अनुसार, विवाह एक अनावश्यक बंधन हो सकता है, जो व्यक्तित्व के विकास को रोकता है। विवाह पूर्व और विवाहेत्तर संबंधों को उन्होंने नैतिक-अनैतिक के बजाय स्वाभाविक माना है। लेखिका का यह दृष्टिकोण उनके उपन्यासों को नवीन कथ्य प्रदान करता है और उनके पात्रों को साहसिकता और मानवीयता से भरपूर बनाता है। उन्होंने नारी की बदलती धारणाओं और मान्यताओं को सशक्त रूप में प्रस्तुत किया है।
subject: Research Articles
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creator: सुनीता सियाल
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-02-22
publication date: 2025-02-22
starting page: 120
ending page: 127
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.1.15

जैनाचार की वैज्ञानिकता: पर्यावरण सुरक्षा एवं संतुलन के सन्दर्भ में
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description: जैन दर्शन के सिद्धांत प्रकृति की सुरक्षा की कोरी चर्चा मात्र नहीं करते, बल्कि प्रकृति-संरक्षण को जीवन में व्यावहारिक रूप से अपनाने का सुंदर मार्गदर्शन भी प्रदान करते हैं। पर्यावरण सुरक्षा से स्वच्छ और सुरक्षित जीवन सुनिश्चित होता है, वहीं पर्यावरण विनाश से आत्म-विनाश निश्चित होता है। इसलिए आज यह एक अत्यंत महत्वपूर्ण विषय होना चाहिए, जिसे अक्सर नजरअंदाज कर दिया जाता है। पर्यावरण मुख्यतः पृथ्वी, जल, अग्नि, वायु, वनस्पति और आकाश से निर्मित होता है। यदि ये तत्व दूषित हो जाएं तो पर्यावरण भी दूषित हो जाता है, और यदि ये संरक्षित रहें तो पर्यावरण भी सुरक्षित रहता है। वैदिक दर्शन में भी जल व अग्नि आदि को दिव्य तत्वों के रूप में स्वीकार किया गया है – जैसे कि “आपो देवता”, “अग्नि देवता”। वहीं, जैन दर्शन में इन तत्वों में जीवों का अस्तित्व माना गया है और उनके सम्मान की बात विभिन्न स्थलों पर की गई है। सभी जीव एक-दूसरे के पूरक हैं, एक-दूसरे से जुड़े हुए हैं, और एक-दूसरे को सुख पहुंचाकर ही सुखी बना सकते हैं। प्रभु महावीर ने अपने आगमों में इसी बात पर विशेष बल दिया है – ‘परस्परोपग्रहो जीवानाम्’। दूसरों को दुखी करके स्वयं सुखी नहीं रहा जा सकता – यही जैन दर्शन का शांतिपूर्ण और वैज्ञानिक सिद्धांत है।
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creator: हिरांशी जैन
creator: सुनीता सियाल
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-25
publication date: 2025-06-25
starting page: 43
ending page: 51
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.2.7

URBAN SPRAWL MAPPING OF AJMER CITY (2020-2024) USING SATELLITE IMAGERY
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description: The rate of urbanization in Indian cities, like several other developing cities around the world is increasing at an alarming rate. This unprecedented and uncontrolled urbanization may result in urban sprawl or suburban sprawl, the rapid expansion of the geographic extent of cities and towns, often characterized by low-density residential housing, single-use zoning, and increased reliance on the private automobile for transportation. Urban sprawl is caused in part by the need to accommodate a rising urban population; however, in many metropolitan areas, it results from a desire for increased living space and other residential amenities. Urbanization is the process in which the population shifts from rural to cities or urban centres for an improved standard of living due to economic growth and development. As the migration rate increases, urban cities undergo major changes in land use and land cover which trigger several negative effects such as overcrowding, water scarcity, air pollution, loss of productive agricultural lands and forest cover. Remote sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS) are used for monitoring the emerging urbanization of the cities using satellite images. The ill effects of urban sprawl in developing countries are a bit complicated compared to those of developed countries because of uncontrolled population growth and haphazard urbanization.An overview of the enormous potential of remote sensing and GIS techniques in mapping and monitoring the Spatio-temporal patterns urban sprawl is dealt with here. The spatial pattern and dynamics of the urban sprawl of Ajmer City (Rajasthan, India) during the period from 2020 to 2024 using the integrated approach of remote sensing and GIS are attempted here. Supervised classification is used for the rapid and automated extraction of built-up features from the time series satellite imageries. The extracted built-up areas of each year are then used for the quantification of urban sprawl and its associa…
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creator: Gaurav Kumar
creator: Saurav Kumar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-25
publication date: 2025-06-25
starting page: 36
ending page: 42
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.2.6

Was 2024 A Mandate for Good Governance or Savior of Democracy?
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description: In a democracy, good governance is system of governance that is participatory, transparent, accountable, efficient, and equitable and follows the rule of law. In an election, the issue of good governance paves the way for all political parties to come to power and go out. Under good governance, responsibility, accountability and transparency of the system are the main aspects which show how successful a government has been in bringing up good governance. Before 2014, United Progressive Alliance (UPA) formed the government for two consecutive terms in which many issues like corruption, inflation, violence against women and unemployment emerged as the main issues of the people which became the basis for change of power in the 2014 election and Bhartiya Janata Party, turned the election result in its favor by promising good governance. National Democratic Alliance (NDA) formed the government and worked on many issues which were supported by the public viz., Ram Mandir, Triple Talaq and Article 370 etc. But corruption, inflation, crimes against women, misuse of constitutional institutions for self-motivated interests was on rise. Both opposition and voters criticize the ruling party as they wanted socio economic upliftment and employment opportunities for all. The Lok Sabha election 2024 gave mandate for strong democracy and vocal opposition due to the deteriorating condition of democracy. The main issue regarding the protection of the constitution was of prime concern for them. In this research paper, an attempt has been made to analyze the election result of 2024 for good governance and strong democracy.
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creator: Rajan Yadav
creator: Ajin Ray
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-25
publication date: 2025-06-25
starting page: 25
ending page: 35
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.2.5

Environmental impacts of land use and land cover changes in Solan District of Himachal Pradesh
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description: The way in which a part of landscape serves a functional purpose is defined as land use. The natural features on the surface undergo continuous change and these changes may be as old as the human history is. But the rate or scale of this change has become much faster in the recent past which is resulting into various environmental problems. Land use/land cover is an issue of global importance as the world’s about eight billion people compete for food, water and shelter. India is the seventh largest and second most populous country in the world with amazing physical and cultural diversity. The massive conversion of valuable and limited land resource to agriculture, construction and other land uses are undermining the capacity of this resource to sustain a burgeoning human population. Knowledge about existing land-use/land cover and trends of change is essential for the proper planning, management and regulations of the use of such resources. In the present study effort has been made to analyse the environmental impacts of this spatiotemporal changes in land use/land cover in Solan district of Himachal Pradesh.
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creator: Nek Ram
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-25
publication date: 2025-06-25
starting page: 19
ending page: 24
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.2.4

Spatial Analysis of Canal Irrigation in Bhiwani District: An Intra-Block Analysis
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description: This study examined the spatio-temporal dynamics of canal irrigation in Bhiwani District from 1980-81 to 2020-21. By analyzing intra-block variations, the research identified trends in canal irrigation expansion and its impact on agricultural productivity. The findings revealed a consistent increase in canal irrigation, with significant disparities among blocks due to geographical, infrastructural, and climatic factors. The study highlighted the role of government interventions and water management practices in improving irrigation coverage. The study also explored how the availability of canal irrigation influenced cropping patterns and yield improvements in different blocks. It assessed the socio-economic impact of irrigation on farmers, highlighting the correlation between improved water access and agricultural income. Additionally, the research investigated challenges such as water scarcity, maintenance issues, and the need for modernization in canal irrigation systems. Moreover, the analysis provided insights into the effectiveness of past and current government policies in promoting canal irrigation. The study underscored the importance of integrating advanced technologies such as remote sensing and GIS for better water management. Recommendations for sustainable water resource utilization and policy interventions were presented to ensure long term agricultural viability in the district. Canal irrigation played a vital role in supporting agriculture, particularly in semi-arid regions such as Bhiwani District, Haryana. This study provided a spatio-temporal analysis of canal irrigation across different blocks within the district, examining changes over four decades from 1980-81 to 2020-21. The research evaluated the impact of irrigation expansion on agricultural productivity, highlighting the disparities caused by geographical and infrastructural factors. Findings indicated a steady increase in canal irrigation, improving crop yields and reducing reliance on err…
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creator: RAM BIR SINGH
creator: PREM CHAND
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-25
publication date: 2025-06-25
starting page: 13
ending page: 18
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.2.3

Geospatial studies in assessing the Environmental Conditions in most diverse block (Puranpur ) of Pilibhit District,Uttar Pradesh
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description: Terai region of the state is full with bio diversities and varying environmental conditions. One of the most prominent blocks i.e. Puranpur of the district Pilibhit in this region is experiencing changing environmental conditions over the last several decades. The changing environmental conditions in this area have given rise to changing bio diversities. Due to depleting natural resources ,the great loss in environmental conditions has been noticed in the area.One of the most affected place i.e. Fulhar lake, which is the origin point of Gomti River, exhibits a decreasing trend in its spatial extent over the period of time has been noticed.To understand the spatial and temporal variations in the lake water, space borne Remote Sensing technology has been found very much useful. The Lake holds significant ecological and socio-economic importance for the local communities and surrounding areas. Despite, its ecological significance, Fulhar Lake faces numerous challenges such as degradation, pollution and encroachment. Satellite borne dataclearly indicates a significant decrease in its spatial extent of this lake. In1972 the spatial extent of the lake was 6.07 ha, which has been reduced to 3.97 ha in 2003, Further poor management and developmental activities for tourism purposes has been increased the spatial extent of the lake to 4.15 ha(1.73 ha wet part and 2.40 ha as dry part). Subsequently once again area of the lake has been reduced to 3.02 ha in 2017which has finally remained only3.0 ha in 2023.Now this significant reduction and variation in the spatial extent of Fulhar Lake is throwing an adverse effect on Gomti River.Due to less amount of inflow of water from lake to Gomti river, is continuously making the river dry.
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creator: Mamta Shukla
creator: Pallavi Singh
creator: Swati Maurya
creator: Sudhakar Shukla
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-25
publication date: 2025-06-25
starting page: 7
ending page: 12
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.2.2

DOMESTIC WASTE DISPOSAL PRACTICES AND AWARENESS ABOUT ITS IMPACTS ON ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN HEALTH IN AN ISLANDIC VILLAGE: AKHADA-ST. ESTEVAM IN GOA
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description: Effective domestic or household waste management is crucial for environmental sustainability and public health. Improper disposal practices lead to adverse sanitation, pollution, disease outbreaks and ecosystem degradation. This study examines waste disposal practices and awareness level among the households in a selected village in Tiswadi taluka of Goa. While residents show high awareness of the harmful effects of improper waste management, a significant gap exists between knowledge and action. Factors such as poor recycling habits, lack of infrastructure for waste disposal and limited public education contribute to this issue. By analysing household behaviours and perceptions, the study aims to recommend strategies for improving waste management practices and enhancing community health and sustainability. Improper waste disposal continues to pose significant environmental and public health challenges contributing to pollution, fear of disease outbreaks and the degradation of ecosystems. This study evaluates household waste management practices, awareness levels, and perceptions among 60 respondents from a selected village. Data collection was facilitated through structured questionnaires and findings were analysed using tables and visualized through pie charts created in Microsoft Excel to better understand patterns and trends. A majority of respondents reported suffering from allergies due to waste exposure, and many experienced infectious diseases, highlighting immediate health threats stemming from poor waste management. The study also found that while several respondents consistently separated waste, a considerable number displayed inconsistent segregation practices. Daily waste disposal was commonly observed among households, reflecting regular management efforts; however, recycling habits remained poor, with most respondents rarely recycling and none reporting frequent recycling. Many individuals reused plastic bags, which is a positive trend, yet harmful p…
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creator: Richa Halankar
creator: Neethu Naik
creator: Prabir Kumar Rath
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-06-25
publication date: 2025-06-25
starting page: 1
ending page: 6
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.2.9

सीमान्त कृषकों की स्थिति का भूगोलिक अध्ययन : दौसा जिले की महुवा तहसील के संदर्भ में
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description: भारत में कृषि एक जीवन पद्धति और प्रमुख रोजगार देने वाले क्षेत्र, ऐतिहासिक, सांस्कृतिक और आर्थिक विकास की धरोहर से संबद्ध है। भारत एक कृषि प्रधान देश है। कृषि से जुड़ा वर्ग एक ऐसी श्रेणी है जो समाज के आर्थिक और सामाजिक विकास के अवलंब के रूप में कार्य करता है। किन्तु सीमांत कृषक वर्ग अपनी आर्थिक अस्थिरता के कारण अनेक प्रकार की समस्याओं से ग्रस्त है। सीमांत कृषकों की समस्याओं के अध्ययन से ज्ञात होता है कि इन कृषकों की उत्पादकता कम होती है। सीमांत कृषकों के पास जोत की भूमि कम होने के कारण कृषि से पर्याप्त आय अर्जित करना कठिन होता है। कई बार पारंपरिक कृषि तकनीकों पर निर्भरता भी उत्पादन को सीमित कर देती है। इस अध्ययन का उद्देश्य सीमांत कृषकों की वर्तमान स्थिति का विश्लेषण करना और भूगोलिक दृष्टिकोण से उनके जीवन स्तर को समझना है। इस अध्ययन से प्राप्त निष्कर्ष नीति-निर्माताओं को सीमांत कृषकों की समस्याओं को सुलझाने में सहायक होंगे।
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creator: चन्दन मल शर्मा शर्मा
creator: गौरव कुमार जैन
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-02-21
publication date: 2025-02-21
starting page: 100
ending page: 107
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.1.13

Exploring the Role of Landscape Architecture in Advancing Environ mental Equity and Climate Justice
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description: Landscape Architects through their expertise and knowledge can shape human experiences by adopting equitable design strategies into designing healthy, equitable and inclusive open spaces and balancing the scale of environmental justice. People with different physical abilities and belonging to different economic, social and ethnic origins tend to dwell within the cities. Public parks and open spaces are a perfect aid for this rapidly growing socio-economic discrepancy in any urban setting. Hence inclusive and accessible landscape designs reflect and celebrate the social diversity and identity of the users by recognising different cultures, values, histories and aspirations of the people within the communities. Through intensive studies, researchers have observed that public spaces also contribute to the upliftment of both physical and psychological well being within urban areas. In countries of Global South where urbanization is occurring at a tremendous pace, safeguarding and promoting these natural ecologies should take place simultaneously along with social and economic development. These countries are designing landscapes that are related to existing green-blue infrastructure and forming adaptive spaces within landscapes that provide resilience to the cities during times of disaster. Thus, creating landscapes that serve as the connection between the city and nature through their ecologies should be implemented and designed for the proper functioning of cities. Understanding and implementation of landscape architecture strategies in current global times is crucial in synthesising the existing ecological systems, social practices and values and also to promote social and environmental equity. The paper will analyse the role and importance of landscape architecture in current scenario and its function in creating spaces that overall helps in providing and improving resilience in urban areas. The paper will also investigate the factors and possibilities of successfu…
subject: Research Articles
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creator: Ankur Jyoti Dutta
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-02-12
publication date: 2025-02-12
starting page: 65
ending page: 77
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.1.10

Demographic Shifts: Exploring the Impacts of Population Ageing in North West India
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description: The demographic landscape in Northwest India is undergoing a transformative shift characterized by population ageing, which poses significant challenges and opportunities for the region. This paper investigates the specific impacts of population ageing on various societal, economic, and healthcare dimensions within the context of Northwest India. Through a comprehensive analysis of demographic trends, socio-economic data, and regional dynamics, we examine the implications of ageing populations on healthcare and intergenerational relationships in the region. Additionally, we explore the cultural and societal factors that influence the experiences of older adults and their families in Northwest India. Furthermore, this paper discusses potential policy responses and interventions tailored to the unique needs and challenges of ageing populations in the region, emphasizing the importance of culturally sensitive approaches and community engagement. By providing insights into the demographic shifts occurring in Northwest India, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of the impacts of population ageing and informs evidence-based strategies for fostering healthy and resilient communities in the region.
subject: Research Articles
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creator: Reenu Devi
creator: Pankaj Aashish
creator: Arvind Paul
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-02-11
publication date: 2025-02-11
starting page: 89
ending page: 99
doi: 10.48165/pimrj.2025.2.1.12