Participation of Generation Z Farmers in Agricultural Regeneration in Indonesia: The Role of Internal Factors and Extension-Related Social Support
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/IJEE.2026.62401Keywords:
Farmer regeneration, Generation Z, Internal factors, Social support related to extension, Social learning, Extension educationAbstract
Farmer regeneration is a strategic issue for the sustainability of Indonesian agriculture, given the low participation of the younger generation in the sector. This study aims to analyze the relationships among internal factors, extension-related social support, and the participation of Generation Z farmers in agricultural regeneration. A survey of 160 Generation Z farmers in East Belitung Regency, selected through multistage random sampling was conducted during 2025. The data was analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results showed that internal factors consisting of motivation, self-efficacy, and social learning were positively and significantly related to the participation of Generation Z farmers (β = 0.836; p = 0.027). In contrast, extension-related social support, represented by peers, community leaders, and the government, showed a positive but nonsignificant relationship (β = 0.069; p = 0.704). The structural model explained 74.5% of the variation in Generation Z farmers’ participation (R2 = 0.745), indicating high explanatory power. Generation Z’s participation in agricultural regeneration is more closely related to individual psychological capacity and learning processes than to extension-related social support. The results imply that extension programs targeting the younger generation should be more focused on strengthening motivation, self-efficacy, and social learning through an approach aligned with Generation Z’s characteristics.
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