Isolation of Bacteria from the Digestive Tract of Cattle, Determination of Their Morphological Characteristics, and Identification Based on Molecular Methods
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48165/ijapm.2026.42.03.11Keywords:
Microbiome, cattle, bacteria, morphology, identification, Genomic DNA, rod-shaped bacteria, Weissella confusa, Bacillus subtilis, B. thuringiensis, E. cloacaeAbstract
In this study, the microbiome of some organs of the digestive system of large bovine cattle was studied. The morphological characteristics of bacterial isolates isolated from the rumen, rumen and oral cavity (saliva) were determined. A total of 16 bacterial isolates were isolated from the digestive system of cattle and identified based on their morphological characteristics. The rod-shaped bacterial isolate was found to be spore-forming, aerobic or facultative anaerobic, gram-positive, producing only one spore per cell, and resistant to various external influences. The thickness of the rods was from 0.3 to 1.0 µm and the length was from 2 to 8 µm and they belonged to the genus Bacillus. 8 bacterial isolates were identified based on MALDI (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization) and molecular methods.
References
Alipour, M. J., Jalanka, J., Pessa-Morikawa, T., Kokkonen, T., Satokari, R., Hynönen, U., Iivanainen, A., & Niku, M. (2018). The composition of the perinatal intestinal microbiota in cattle. Scientific Reports, 8, Article 10437. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-28733-y
Auffret, M. D., Stewart, R. D., Dewhurst, R. J., Duthie, C.-A., Rooke, J. A., Wallace, R. J., Freeman, T. C., Snelling, T. J., Watson, M., & Roehe, R. (2017). Genetic capacities and potential mechanisms within the rumen microbiome explaining differences in beef cattle feed efficiency. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8, Article 2642. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.02642
Bergman, E. N. (1990). Energy contributions of volatile fatty acids from the gastrointestinal tract in various species. Physiological Reviews, 70(2), 567–590. https://doi.org/10.1152/physrev.1990.70.2.567
Chen, H., Li, X.-L., & Ljungdahl, L. G. (1997). Sequencing of a 1,3–1,4-β-D-glucanase (lichenase) from the anaerobic fungus Orpinomyces strain PC-2: Properties of the enzyme expressed in Escherichia coli and evidence that the gene has a bacterial origin. Journal of Bacteriology, 179(19), 6028–6034. https://doi.org/10.1128/JB.179.19.6028-6034.1997
Curtis, T. P., Sloan, W. T., & Scannell, J. W. (2002). Estimating prokaryotic diversity and its limits. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99(16), 10494–10499. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.142680199
Falkowski, P. G., Fenchel, T., & DeLong, E. F. (2008). The microbial engines that drive Earth's biogeochemical cycles. Science, 320(5879), 1034–1039. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1153213
Froidurot, A., & Julliand, V. (2022). Cellulolytic bacteria in the large intestine of mammals. Gut Microbes, 14(1), Article 2031694. https://doi.org/10.1080/19490976.2022.2031694
Gevers, D., Knight, R., Petrosino, J. F., Huang, K., McGuire, A. L., Birren, B. W., Nelson, K. E., White, O., Methé, B. A., & Human Microbiome Project Consortium. (2012). The Human Microbiome Project: A community resource for the healthy human microbiome. PLoS Biology, 10(8), e1001377. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001377
Gibbons, S. M., & Gilbert, J. A. (2015). Microbial diversity—Exploration of natural ecosystems and microbiomes. Current Opinion in Genetics & Development, 35, 66–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gde.2015.10.003
Honan, M. C., Greenwood, S. L., & Miller-Cushon, E. K. (2020). Characterization of variations within the rumen metaproteome of Holstein dairy cattle relative to morning feed offering. Scientific Reports, 10, Article 3179. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-59974-5
Ishaq, S. L., AlZahal, O., Walker, N., & McBride, B. W. (2017). An investigation into rumen fungal and protozoal diversity in three rumen fractions during high-fiber or grain-induced subacute ruminal acidosis conditions, with or without active dry yeast supplementation. Frontiers in Microbiology, 8, Article 1943. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2017.01943
Jami, E., Israel, A., Kotser, A., & Mizrahi, I. (2013). Exploring the bovine rumen bacterial community from birth to adulthood. The ISME Journal, 7(6), 1069–1079. https://doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2013.2
Kaleem, M., Enjalbert, F., Farizon, Y., & Meynadier, A. (2018). Feeding heat-oxidized oil to dairy cows affects milk fat nutritional quality. Animal, 12(1), 183–188. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731117001318
Lane, D. J. (1991). 16S/23S rRNA sequencing. In E. Stackebrandt & M. Goodfellow (Eds.), Nucleic acid techniques in bacterial systematics (pp. 115–175). John Wiley & Sons.
Morgavi, D. P., Forano, E., Martin, C., & Newbold, C. J. (2010). Microbial ecosystem and methanogenesis in ruminants. Animal, 4(7), 1024–1036. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731110000546
Ngalimat, M. S., Radin Yahaya, R. S., Baharudin, M. M. A., Yaminudin, S. M., Karim, M., Ahmad, S. A., & Sabri, S. (2021). A review on the biotechnological applications of the operational group Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Microorganisms, 9(3), 614. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9030614
Raynaud, X., & Nunan, N. (2014). Spatial ecology of bacteria at the microscale in soil. PLoS ONE, 9(1), e87217. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0087217
Salvà-Serra, F., Svensson-Stadler, L., Busquets, A., Jaén-Luchoro, D., Karlsson, R., Moore, E. R. B., & Gomila, M. (2018). A protocol for extraction and purification of high-quality and quantity bacterial DNA applicable for genome sequencing: A modified version of the Marmur procedure. Protocol Exchange. https://doi.org/10.1038/protex.2018.084
Sukumaran, R. K., Singhania, R. R., & Pandey, A. (2005). Microbial cellulases: Production, applications and challenges. Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research, 64(11), 832–844.
Tamura, K., Dudley, J., Nei, M., & Kumar, S. (2007). MEGA4: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (MEGA) software version 4.0. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 24(8), 1596–1599. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msm092
Turaeva, B. I., Soliev, A., Eshboev, F., Kamolov, L., Azimova, N., Karimov, H., Zukhritdinova, N., & Khamidova, K. H. (2020). The use of three fungal strains in producing indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellic acid. Plant Cell Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, 21(35–36), 32–43.
Turaeva, B., Kutlieva, G., Kamolova, K., & Zukhritdinova, N. (2023b). Isolation and identification of bacteria with cellulolytic activity from the microflora of animal juice. Journal of Wildlife and Biodiversity, 7(4), 241–264. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8308107
Turaeva, B., Zukhritdinova, N., Kutlieva, G., Makhkamov, A., & Keldiyorov, X. (2023a). Microflora and plant pathogenic fungi affecting bacteria in grape plantations in Uzbekistan. SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics, 55(6), 2037–2051. https://doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2023.55.6.17
Wita, A., Białas, W., Wilk, R., Szychowska, K., & Czaczyk, K. (2019). The influence of temperature and nitrogen source on cellulolytic potential of microbiota isolated from natural environment. Journal of Microbiology, 57(1), 105–114. https://doi.org/10.21307/pjm-2019-012
