IN VITRO STUDIES ON THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY EFFECTS OF  ESSENTIAL OIL OF Rosmarinus officinalis L. IN MACROPHAGE CELLS

KR Kavitha; BS  Suma; B  Jyothilekshmi; KP Prasanth

doi:10.48165/abr.2024.26.01.14

Authors

KR Kavitha Department of Botany, Sree Narayana College, Chempazhanthy, Thiruvananthapuram 695 587, Kerala (India)
BS Suma Department of Botany, Sree Narayana College, Chempazhanthy, Thiruvananthapuram 695 587, Kerala (India)
B Jyothilekshmi Department of Botany, Sree Narayana College, Chempazhanthy, Thiruvananthapuram 695 587, Kerala (India)
KP Prasanth Department of Botany, Sree Narayana College, Kannur 670 007, Kerala (India)

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48165/abr.2024.26.01.14

Keywords:

Anti-inflammation, essential oil, macrophage cells, protein denaturation, Rosmarinus officinalis

Abstract

The use of plant-based drugs against various human disorders have attained global interest. Multicomponent essential oils are used to cure inflammation- related disorders. The present study was aimed to assess the anti- inflammatory potential of essential oil from Rosmarinus officinalis (EO- RO) using in vitro model of LPS-activated RAW macrophage cell lines.EO-RO was hydro-distilled using Clevenger apparatus and evaluated first for protein denaturation and proteinase inhibitory activities, followed byassays for cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) activities in RAW 264.7 macrophage cell lines. The data was statistically analysed by one-wayanalysis of variance. Dose-dependent inhibition was observed in protein denaturation with 50 μg mL-1 EO-RO exhibiting a maximum inhibition of 67.77%. Similarly, proteinase inhibitory assay depicted 72.47% inhibition.The COX and LOX activities showed increased inhibitions in dose-dependent manner i.e. 25 to 100 μg mL-1 EO-RO displayed 58.72 and 75.33%; 28.58- 40.86% inhibition, respectively.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Belkhodja, B., Meddah, K., Sidelarbi, D., Bouhadi, B., Medjadel, A., Brakna. 2022. In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory potential of Eucalyptus globulus essential oil. Hamza Journal of Applied Biological Sciences, 16(1): 80-88.

Bernald, A., Steczko, J. and Dixon, G.A. 1991. Effect of ethanol and low temperature culture on expression of soybean lipoxygenase L-1 in E. coli. Protein Expression and Purification, 2(3): 221-227.

Bhutia, S. 2020. Evaluation of in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Citrus macroptera Montr. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 13(8): 101-103.

Chen-Lung, Ho, Lan-Hui, L., Yueh-Chun, Weng, Kuo-Feng, Hua and Tz-Chuen, Ju. 2020. Eucalyptus essential oils inhibit the lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response in RAW264.7 macrophages through reducing MAPK and NF-κB pathways. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies, 20: 200. [doi: 10.1186/s12906-020-02999-0].

Douglas, C.M. 2005. Design and Analysis of Experiments. Chapter 3 p. 60. [ISBN: 9780471661597]. Elsayed Heba, E., El-Deeb Eman, M., Taha Heba, Taha Hussein, S., Elgindi Mohamed, R. and Moharram Fatma, A. 2023. Essential oils of Psidium cattleianum sabine leaves and flowers anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic activities, Frontiers in Chemistry, 11: 1-13. Furman, D., Campisi, J., Verdin, E., Carrera-Bastos, P., Targ, S., Franceschi, C., Ferrucci, L., Gilroy, D.W., Fasano, A., Miller, G.W., Miller, A.H., Mantovani, A., Weyand, C.M., Barzilai, N., Goronzy, J.J., Rando T.A., Effros R.B., Lucia, A., Kleinstreuer, N. and Slavich, G.M. 2019. Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span. Nature Medicine, 25: 1822-1832.

Habibur Rahman, M., Chinna, E., Kamala, V. and Madhavi, P. 2012. In-vitro studies suggest probable mechanism of Eucalyptus oil for anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity. International Journal of Phytopharmacy, 2(3): 81-83.

Hai Dang, N., Thi Van Anh, L. and Tien Dat, N. 2020. Anti-Inflammatory effects of essential oils of Amomum aromaticum fruits in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Journal of Food Quality, Article ID 8831187: 5. [https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8831187].

Hao, X., Sun, W., Ke, C., Wang, F., Xue, Y., Luo, Z., Wang, X., Zhang, J. and Zhang, Y. 2019. Anti-inflammatory activities of leaf oil from Cinnamomum subavenium in vitro and in vivo. Biomedical Research International, 1823149. [https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/1823149].

Javanmardi, J., Khalighi, A., Kashi, A., Bais, H. and Vivanco, J. 2002. Chemical characterization of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) found in local accessions and used in traditional medicines in Iran. Journal Agriculture Food Chemistry, 50(21): 5878-5883

Kamelnia, E., Mohebbati, R., Kamelnia, R., El-Seedi, H.R. and Boskabady, M.H. 2023. Anti inflammatory, immunomodulatory and anti-oxidant effects of Ocimum basilicum L. and its main constituents - A review. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, 26(6): 617-627.

Kar, B., Kumar, R.S., Karmakar, I., Dola, N., Bala, A., Mazumder, U.K. and Hadar, P.K. 2012. Antioxidant and in vitro anti-inflammatory activities of Mimusops elengi leaves. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 2(2): 976-980.

Kim, K., Ko, Y., Yang, H., Ham, Y., Roh, S.W., Jeon, Y., Ahn, G., Kanf, M., Yoon, W. and Kim, D. 2013. Anti-inflammatory effect of essential oil and its constituents from fingered citron (Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis) through blocking JNK, ERK and NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. Food Chemistry Toxicology, 14(57): 126-131.

Anti-inflammatory effects of Rosmarinus officinalis oil on macrophage cells 141

Lee, E., Shin, M. and Jung, S. 2017. Volatile compound analysis and anti-oxidant and anti inflammatory effects of Oenanthe javanica, Perilla frutescens, and Zanthoxylum piperitum essential oils. Asian Journal of Beauty and Cosmetology, 18(15): 355-366.

Leon-Mendez, G., Pajaro-Castro, N., Pajaro-Castro, E., Torrenegra-Alarcon, M. and Herrera-Barros, A. 2019. Essential oils as a source of bioactive molecules. Revista Colombiana de Ciências Químico. 28(48): 80-93.

Mirke, N.B., Shelke, P.S., Malavdkar, P.R. and Jagtap, P.N. 2020. In vitro protein denaturation inhibition assay of Eucalyptus globulus and Glycine max for potential anti-inflammatory activity. Innovations in Pharmaceuticals and Pharmacotherapy, 8(2): 28-31.

Ricciotti, E. and Gerald, G.A.F. 2011. Prostaglandins and inflammation Arterioscler Thromb Vascular Biology, 31(5): 986-1000.

Rudrapal, M., Ali Eltayeb, W., Rakshit, G., Ahmed El-Arabey, A., Khan, J., Aldosari, S.M., Alshehri, B. and Abdalla, M. 2023. Dual synergistic inhibition of COX and LOX by potential chemicals from Indian daily spices investigated through detailed computational studies. Scientific Reports, 13: 8656. [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-35161-0].

Sadgrove, N.J., Padilla-González, G.F. and Phumthum, M. 2022. Fundamental chemistry of essential oils and volatile organic compounds, methods of analysis and authentication. Plants, 4(11): 789 [https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/6/789].

Sakat, S., Juvekar, A.R. and Gambhire, M.N. 2010. In vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of methanol extract of Oxalis corniculata Linn. International Journal of Pharma and Pharmacological Sciences, 2(1): 146-155.

Walker, M.C. and Gierse J.K. 2010. In vitro assays for cyclooxygenase activity and inhibitor characterization. Methods in Molecular Biology, 644: 131-44. [doi: 10.1007/978-1-59745-364- 6_11. PMID: 20645170].

Yang, J., Choi, W.S., Kim, K.J., Eom, C.D. and Park, M.J. 2021. Investigation of active anti inflammatory constituents of essential oil from Pinus koraiensis (Sieb. et Zucc.) wood in LPS stimulated RBL-2H3 cells. Biomolecules, 11(6): 10.3390/biom11060817. [https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/6/817].

Yang, J.; Choi, W.; Jeung, E.; Kim, K and Park, M. 2021. Anti-inflammatory effect of essential oil extracted from Pinus densiflora (Sieb. et Zucc.) wood on RBL-2H3 cells. Journal of Wood Science, 67: Article No. 52. [https://jwoodscience.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s10086- 021-01982-8].

Yoona, W., Moona, J., Kanga, J., Kima, G., Leeb, N. and Hyun Neolitsea sericea, C. 2010. Essential oil attenuates LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages by suppressing NF-κB and MAPK. Activation Natural Product Communications, 5(8): 1312-1316.